School of thought
Bergsonian Intuitionism
Intellectual current
Classification
- Period
- c. 1889-1941 CE
- Regions
- europe
- Domains
- Epistemology , Philosophy of Mind
Overview
Bergsonian Intuitionism holds that the deepest truths of reality — especially time, consciousness, and life — cannot be grasped by analytical intellect alone but require a direct, sympathetic mode of knowing called intuition. Bergson argued that science and rational analysis spatialize time into discrete units, missing the continuous flow of lived experience he called durée (duration).
Key ideas
- Duration (Durée): Real time is not the clock-time of physics but a continuous, indivisible flow of qualitative change. We experience duration directly in consciousness, where past and present interpenetrate rather than standing side by side.
- Intuition vs. Intellect: The intellect evolved to manipulate matter and solve practical problems — it works by dividing, categorizing, and spatializing. Intuition, by contrast, grasps reality from within, apprehending the whole without fragmenting it.
- Élan Vital: Life is driven by a creative impulse that cannot be reduced to mechanism or finality. Evolution is not predetermined but genuinely creative, branching unpredictably as the élan vital encounters resistance from matter.
Key figures
Henri Bergson
Influenced by
Later connections
- Process Philosophy Influenced by this tradition
References
- Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Henri Bergson
- Creative Evolution — Henri Bergson
- An Introduction to Metaphysics — Henri Bergson
- Time and Free Will — Henri Bergson