Philosophy of Mind
Is the mind an immaterial reality distinct from the body, or is it entirely physical?
Everything mental is physical or wholly grounded in the physical; no immaterial mind is required.
Mind and body are fundamentally distinct substances, and the mind is not reducible to the physical body.
Introspection forms judgments about one's own current mental states by attending to them directly, rather than by inference from behaviour or physiology.
The mind-body problem asks whether consciousness is reducible to matter, separable from body, or only intelligible through embodied life. It links ancient soul theories, early modern substance debates, Buddhist analysis, phenomenology, and contemporary philosophy of mind.
On the map, this problem sits between metaphysical explanation and first-person experience.